1 摩尔。精神病学2002 -1 7:1037;作者回复1037-8
PMID 12476316
标题 WKL1/MLC1与Catatonic精神分裂症的关联。
抽象的 -1
SCZ关键字 精神分裂症,精神分裂症
2 摩尔。细胞。探针2002年10月16日:379-84
PMID 12477442
标题 KIAA0027/MLC1等位基因的放大效率降低:对远脑性白血病伴皮层囊肿的分子诊断的影响。
抽象的 带皮质囊肿(MLC)的常染色体隐性白血病脑病(MLC)是一种罕见的儿童期海绵白细胞营养不良,具有宏观畸形,并缓慢地逐渐逐渐恶化运动功能。KIAA0027/MLC1最近发现与MLC相关,并且已经观察到了高度的等位基因异质性。此外,初始报告表明,外显子11(L309M)的罕见变体参与了病因schizophrenia,但最近的研究引发了令人信服的论点,即遗传变异MLC1are not associated withschizophrenia。使用DHPLC分析,对L309M的先前发现的再现显示了个体之间的同型分辨率模式,这些分辨率模式被描述为该变体的杂合,通过对各自的PCR产物进行测序进一步证实。高GC含量,由于内含子中内含子串联重复不完整而产生的次级折叠结构以及外显子11的3端的复杂插入多态性可能是优先扩增外显子11的特定等位基因的原因。仅获得一致的扩增。当我们使用直接与L309M变体相邻的外显子底漆时。为了进行突变筛选,我们提出了两步测试:(1)对外显子11的33 bp插入多态性的测试,以及(2)使用不同的底漆集扩增外显子,具体取决于插入的存在或不存在。
SCZ关键字 精神分裂症,精神分裂症
3 摩尔。精神病学2002 -1 7:419-23
PMID 11986987
标题 在具有精神分裂症的概率亚组中,WKL1的错义突变。
抽象的 Recently, a Leu309Met mutation in WKL1 (MLC1,Kiaa0027),据报道,映射到染色体22q13.33的基因与周期性catatonia共隔离,这是一种临床亚型的临床亚型schizophrenia, in seven members of an extended pedigree.(1) WKL1 encodes a putative membrane protein expressed exclusively in the brain, particularly in the amygdala, nucleus caudatus, thalamus, and hippocampus.(1) We screened WKL1 for etiologic mutations in 28 probands from the United States who were given a consensus diagnosis ofschizophrenia并符合以下标准中的至少一个:(1)来自多重schizophrenia至少两个的家庭schizophrenic据报道,受试者在患病过程中的某个时候表现出了息酸的行为;或(2)来自多重schizophrenia在基因组扫描中的家庭schizophreniasusceptibility loci, evidence for excess allele sharing among affected family members for markers in the 22q13 region was seen. In addition, 15 affected subjects from 15 German pedigrees were similarly screened for causative mutations. This German cohort exhibited the catatonia phenotype but had ambiguous linkage to 22q13 and included the mutation-positive proband as a positive control. The 43 probands were screened for base changes in WKL1: 15 SNPs in the non-coding regions of the gene, three SNPs in the 3'UTR, four synonymous coding SNPs and two non-synonymous (amino acid changing) SNPs were identified. We were able to rapidly confirm the Leu309Met nucleotide change in the positive control. No missense mutations were detected in any of the other 42 probands studied. These data exclude the role of WKL1 inschizophreniasusceptibility in the subjects studied.
SCZ关键字 精神分裂症,精神分裂症
4 摩尔。精神病学2002 -1 7:419-23
PMID 11986987
标题 在具有精神分裂症的概率亚组中,WKL1的错义突变。
抽象的 Recently, a Leu309Met mutation in WKL1 (MLC1,Kiaa0027),据报道,映射到染色体22q13.33的基因与周期性catatonia共隔离,这是一种临床亚型的临床亚型schizophrenia, in seven members of an extended pedigree.(1) WKL1 encodes a putative membrane protein expressed exclusively in the brain, particularly in the amygdala, nucleus caudatus, thalamus, and hippocampus.(1) We screened WKL1 for etiologic mutations in 28 probands from the United States who were given a consensus diagnosis ofschizophrenia并符合以下标准中的至少一个:(1)来自多重schizophrenia至少两个的家庭schizophrenic据报道,受试者在患病过程中的某个时候表现出了息酸的行为;或(2)来自多重schizophrenia在基因组扫描中的家庭schizophreniasusceptibility loci, evidence for excess allele sharing among affected family members for markers in the 22q13 region was seen. In addition, 15 affected subjects from 15 German pedigrees were similarly screened for causative mutations. This German cohort exhibited the catatonia phenotype but had ambiguous linkage to 22q13 and included the mutation-positive proband as a positive control. The 43 probands were screened for base changes in WKL1: 15 SNPs in the non-coding regions of the gene, three SNPs in the 3'UTR, four synonymous coding SNPs and two non-synonymous (amino acid changing) SNPs were identified. We were able to rapidly confirm the Leu309Met nucleotide change in the positive control. No missense mutations were detected in any of the other 42 probands studied. These data exclude the role of WKL1 inschizophreniasusceptibility in the subjects studied.
SCZ关键字 精神分裂症,精神分裂症
5 哼。基因。2002年3月110日:279-83
PMID 11935341
标题 在MLC1中鉴定新的突变,导致具有下皮质囊肿的脑脑白血病。
抽象的 Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts (MLC) is an inherited neurologic disorder with macrocephaly before the age of one and slowly progressive deterioration of motor functions. Magnetic resonance imaging shows diffusely abnormal and swollen white matter of the cerebral hemispheres and the presence of subcortical cysts in the anterior-temporal region and often also in the frontoparietal region. Mutations in theMLC1编码推定膜蛋白的基因最近被确定为MLC的原因。在这里,我们描述了18例患者的14个新突变。两个鉴定出的多态性导致氨基酸残基的改变。他人暗示的角色是突变MLC1gene in catatonicschizophrenia以及可能的功能MLC1讨论蛋白质作为阳离子通道。
SCZ关键字 精神分裂症,精神分裂症
6 J神经传输(维也纳)2003年4月110日:333-43
PMID 12658361
标题 鼠MLC1(WKL1,KIAA0027)基因的基因组组织。
抽象的 人类MLC1(WKL1,KIAA0027)基因编码仅在大脑中表达的推定跨膜蛋白。该基因内的隐性突变引起脑脑脑症状,并具有皮质下囊肿(MLC,MIM 604004,605908)。此外,该基因的错义突变暗示与遗传性结算有关schizophreniain a large pedigree. The murine geneMLC1is composed of 12 exons spanning approximately 20 kb, and all exon-intron boundaries conform to the GT/AG consensus. The single copy transcript after splicing is approximately 2.8 kb in length, it contains 496 bp of 5' untranslated region (5'-UTR) and 1143 bp of 3'-UTR, and encodes a protein of 382 amino acids. Potential binding sites for transcription factors including CCAAT-boxes are present in the 5'-flanking region. Fluorescent in situ hybridization localizes the gene to mouse chromosome 15E-F, a region syntenic to human chromosome 22q13. The characterization of the genomic structure of the murine gene will facilitate studies of gene function and physiological properties of the encoded protein in transgenic mouse models.
SCZ关键字 精神分裂症,精神分裂症
7 Glia 2003 12月44日:283-95
PMID 14603469
标题 这brain-specific protein MLC1 implicated in megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts is expressed in glial cells in the murine brain.
抽象的 人类MLC1Gene(也称为KIAA0027和WKL1)及其鼠直系同源物(MLC1)编码主要在大脑中表达的推定跨膜蛋白。人类内部的隐性突变MLC1导致远脑性白血病脑病与皮质囊肿(MLC),而在MLC的跨膜亮氨酸串中导致甲硫氨酸取代的错义突变已与Catatonic有关schizophreniain a large pedigree. To gain insight into the function of the MLC protein and to elucidate the pathophysiology of these severe neurodegenerative disorders, information on the cellular and regional distribution of the murineMLC1,以及MLC1expression in brain, is required. Using in situ hybridization (ISH),MLC1在成年鼠大脑的神经胶质细胞中仅检测到mRNA,例如星形胶质细胞,伯格曼神经胶质细胞和室心脑室细胞。ISH,北印迹分析和定量实时聚合酶链反应(PCR)表明,MLC1mRNA广泛分布在成年小鼠脑中,在小脑和嗅球中表达最高。此外,揭示了大脑发育过程中的差异表达模式。整体大脑MLC1mRNA浓度在产后第5天达到成人浓度的围产期浓度大幅增加。在细胞水平上,最高MLC1expression was found during the pre- and perinatal period in multipotential neural precursor cells, especially in the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle, whereas in adulthood highestMLC1在伯格曼神经胶质细胞中揭示了mRNA浓度。因为MLC1indicates that, in contrast to developing and mature astrocytes, oligodendrocytes are devoid ofMLC1表达,在这些疾病中观察到的白质道异常可能是由主要的星形胶质细胞缺损引起的。详细信息MLC1大脑中的表达可能会导致对MLC1参与MLC和Catatonic的发病机理schizophrenia
SCZ关键字 精神分裂症,精神分裂症
8 哼。变形。2003年1月21日:45-52
PMID 12497630
标题 KIAA0027/MLC1的序列多样性:Megalcephalic Liukoencephalopathy和精神分裂症等位基因疾病是否存在?
抽象的 该研究的目的是验证KIAA0027/MLC1in childhood-onset megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts (MLC) and inschizophrenia,尤其是据报道是等位基因疾病的catatonic亚型。在一系列五名MLC患者中,检测到了四个突变等位基因:一例用于剪接部位突变的复合杂合性和六个基本对固件缺失,一名患者,一名患者,具有纯合帧插入插入术的患者,并进一步A157E替代的病例杂合。在140个指数案例中进行系统突变筛选schizophrenia揭示了13个不同的单核苷酸多态性(SNP):5'-UTR中的一个SNP,内含子区域中的7个SNP,两个同义密码子变体(T52,Y199)和三个编码变体。其中两个,即C171F和N218K,在对照中观察到很大的频率。以前被认为是22q(TEL)链接的周期性catatonia染色体的病原因子的L309M变体被发现在进一步的多重谱系中没有分离。此外,在外显子11的5'末端的复杂33 bp插入/缺失多态性MLC1在相等的频率中发现schizophrenic患者和对照。总而言之,我们的研究提供了进一步的证据,证明了脑脑白细胞病中的等位基因异质性MLC1作为一个易感基因座schizophrenia,因此排除了MLC和schizophrenia是等位基因疾病。
SCZ关键字 精神分裂症,精神分裂症
9 哼。变形。2003年1月21日:45-52
PMID 12497630
标题 KIAA0027/MLC1的序列多样性:Megalcephalic Liukoencephalopathy和精神分裂症等位基因疾病是否存在?
抽象的 该研究的目的是验证KIAA0027/MLC1in childhood-onset megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts (MLC) and inschizophrenia,尤其是据报道是等位基因疾病的catatonic亚型。在一系列五名MLC患者中,检测到了四个突变等位基因:一例用于剪接部位突变的复合杂合性和六个基本对固件缺失,一名患者,一名患者,具有纯合帧插入插入术的患者,并进一步A157E替代的病例杂合。在140个指数案例中进行系统突变筛选schizophrenia揭示了13个不同的单核苷酸多态性(SNP):5'-UTR中的一个SNP,内含子区域中的7个SNP,两个同义密码子变体(T52,Y199)和三个编码变体。其中两个,即C171F和N218K,在对照中观察到很大的频率。以前被认为是22q(TEL)链接的周期性catatonia染色体的病原因子的L309M变体被发现在进一步的多重谱系中没有分离。此外,在外显子11的5'末端的复杂33 bp插入/缺失多态性MLC1在相等的频率中发现schizophrenic患者和对照。总而言之,我们的研究提供了进一步的证据,证明了脑脑白细胞病中的等位基因异质性MLC1作为一个易感基因座schizophrenia,因此排除了MLC和schizophrenia是等位基因疾病。
SCZ关键字 精神分裂症,精神分裂症
10 是。J. Med。基因。B Neuropsychiatr。基因。2004年2月125b:31-7
PMID 14755440
标题 Is the WKL1 gene associated with schizophrenia?
抽象的 A missense mutation Leu309Met in the WKL1 (MLC1,据报道,映射到22q13.3的基因,据报道与周期性catatonic共隔离schizophrenia(SCZ)在一个有七个受影响的个体的单一大型德国血统中(Meyer等人[2001:Mol Psychiatry 6:302-306])。该报告提出了本研究中处理的以下问题:Leu309met突变是否在SCZ中或仅在Catatonic SCZ中起作用?WKL1基因中的突变Leu309met编码推定的膜蛋白(非选择性阳离子通道)对通道活性有任何影响吗?与对照组相比,在SCZ大脑中仅表达的WKL1基因在SCZ大脑中的表达方式不同吗?通过筛选117名SCZ(55名Ashkenazi和62个非Ashkenazi犹太人)和176个匹配的对照组的以色列犹太人患者的LEU309MET突变通过筛选Leu309met突变来回答这些问题。为了寻找WKL1基因表达水平的差异,后外侧前额叶皮层为16schizophrenic检查了患者和15个对照。我们还测量了PCDNA3中亚克隆的正常WKL1的推定通道活性,以确定报告的LEU309met突变的效果。我们的结果反对WKL1参与SCZ敏感性。
SCZ关键字 精神分裂症,精神分裂症
11 是。J. Med。基因。B Neuropsychiatr。基因。2004年2月125b:31-7
PMID 14755440
标题 Is the WKL1 gene associated with schizophrenia?
抽象的 A missense mutation Leu309Met in the WKL1 (MLC1,据报道,映射到22q13.3的基因,据报道与周期性catatonic共隔离schizophrenia(SCZ)在一个有七个受影响的个体的单一大型德国血统中(Meyer等人[2001:Mol Psychiatry 6:302-306])。该报告提出了本研究中处理的以下问题:Leu309met突变是否在SCZ中或仅在Catatonic SCZ中起作用?WKL1基因中的突变Leu309met编码推定的膜蛋白(非选择性阳离子通道)对通道活性有任何影响吗?与对照组相比,在SCZ大脑中仅表达的WKL1基因在SCZ大脑中的表达方式不同吗?通过筛选117名SCZ(55名Ashkenazi和62个非Ashkenazi犹太人)和176个匹配的对照组的以色列犹太人患者的LEU309MET突变通过筛选Leu309met突变来回答这些问题。为了寻找WKL1基因表达水平的差异,后外侧前额叶皮层为16schizophrenic检查了患者和15个对照。我们还测量了PCDNA3中亚克隆的正常WKL1的推定通道活性,以确定报告的LEU309met突变的效果。我们的结果反对WKL1参与SCZ敏感性。
SCZ关键字 精神分裂症,精神分裂症
12 生物。精神病学2005年7月58日:16-22
PMID 15992519
标题 MLC1基因与印度南部的精神分裂症和躁郁症有关。
抽象的 染色体22q13已显示与schizophrenia(SCZ)和双极情感障碍(BPAD)。一个错义突变MLC1(2013年第22季度推定的阳离子通道基因)与周期性catatonic共同分类schizophreniahas been reported. We have investigated the relationship ofMLC1与SCZ和BPAD在印度南部。
所有外显子和侧翼内含子序列MLC1被筛选以进行新的变化。进行病例对照(216 bpad,193 SCZ,116个对照对象)和基于家庭的分析(113 bpad,107 SCZ家族),以评估MLC1有这些疾病。
我们发现33MLC1序列变化,包括三个新型突变:Val210ile,Leu308GLN和Arg328His在六个BPAD病例中以及一个对照个体中的Val210ile。常见变化的次要等位基因SS16339182(在大约6 kb链接 - 链接 - 折 - 杆[ld] block中)与案例对照中的BPAD相关(p = .03)和基于家庭的分析(Transmited/nontransmited/nontransmited [t/nt]-44/20; p = .003)。在病例对照研究中,观察到RS2235349和RS2076137和SS16339163的关联与SS16339163的关联。使用块2单倍型标记单核苷酸多态性(HTSNP),GC单倍型揭示了与BPAD的关联(p = .02)和过量传输(P = .002)。
协会MLC1使用SCZ和BPAD建议参与公共途径。与BPAD相关的稀有错义突变和常见变体有利于假设稀有和常见多态性参与这种复杂疾病的病因。
SCZ关键字 精神分裂症,精神分裂症
13 精神分裂。res。2006年6月84日:253-71
PMID 16632332
标题 Gene regulation by hypoxia and the neurodevelopmental origin of schizophrenia.
抽象的 Neurodevelopmental changes may underlie the brain dysfunction seen inschizophrenia。While advances have been made in our understanding of the genetics ofschizophrenia, little is known about how non-genetic factors interact with genes forschizophrenia。目前对可能与之相关的基因的分析schizophrenia基于这样的观察,即缺氧在胚胎和胎儿脑中占上风,并且神经元基因之间的相互作用,缺氧的分子调节剂,例如缺氧诱导因子1(HIF-1)(HIF-1)和内在的缺氧在发育中的大脑中发生,并且可能发生了可能性。创建神经发育复杂变化的条件。因此,我们在文献中搜索了当前假设的候选基因的文献,以使其易感性schizophrenia可能受到缺血 - 催产症调节和/或与血管表达相关的约束。当至少两个独立的报告与与schizophrenia出现在文献中。分析表明,这些基因中有50%以上,尤其是AKT1,BDNF,CAPON,CCKAR,CHRNA7,CNR1,CNR1,COMT,DNTBP1,GAD1,GAD1,GRM3,IL10,IL10,IL10,IL10,IL10,IL10,IL10,MLC1, NOTCH4, NRG1, NR4A2/NURR1, PRODH, RELN, RGS4, RTN4/NOGO and TNF, are subject to regulation by hypoxia and/or are expressed in the vasculature. Future studies of genes proposed as candidates for susceptibility toschizophrenia应包括其在发育过程中生理或病理缺氧的可能调节,以及它们在脑血管功能中的潜在作用。
SCZ关键字 精神分裂症,精神分裂症
14 精神病学临床。Neurosci。2007年2月61日:3-19
PMID 17239033
标题 躁郁症和抑郁症的分子遗传学。
抽象的 在这篇综述中,审查了与2004年至今(2006年中)发表的躁郁症分子遗传学有关的所有论文,并总结了有关抑郁症的主要结果。几个候选基因schizophreniamay also be associated with bipolar disorder: G72, DISC1, NRG1, RGS4, NCAM1, DAO, GRM3, GRM4, GRIN2B,MLC1, SYNGR1, and SLC12A6. Of these, association with G72 may be most robust. However, G72 haplotypes and polymorphisms associated with bipolar disorder are not consistent with each other. The positional candidate approach showed an association between bipolar disorder and TRPM2 (21q22.3), GPR50 (Xq28), Citron (12q24), CHMP1.5 (18p11.2), GCHI (14q22-24),MLC1(22Q13),GABRA5(15Q11-Q13),BCR(22Q11),CUX2,FLJ32356(12Q23-Q24)和NAPG(18P11)。侧重于与躯体症状的情绪障碍合并的研究表明,线粒体DNA(mtDNA)3644突变和POLG突变作用。从基因表达分析中,发现PDLIM5,生长抑素和mtDNA 3243突变与躁郁症有关。尽管随后的研究不支持以前的大多数积极发现,但DRD1和IMPA2与后续研究有关。据报道,昼夜节律途径,BMAL1,永恒和周期3中的几个候选基因与双相情感障碍有关。链接研究显示了许多新的链接基因座。在抑郁症中,先前报道的HTTLPR(插入/缺失多态性在5-羟色胺转运蛋白中的插入/缺失多态性)之间的基因 - 环境相互作用的阳性发现并未复制。尽管TPH2突变在抑郁症中的作用以前引起了人们的注意,但也没有复制这一点。药物遗传学研究表明抗抑郁反应与HTR2A或FKBP5之间的关系。已经应用了用于全面基因组分析的新技术。 HTTLPR and BDNF promoter polymorphisms are now found to be more complex than previously thought, and previous papers on these polymorphisms should be treated with caution. Finally, this report addresses some possible causes for the lack of replication in this field.
SCZ关键字 精神分裂症,精神分裂症
15 生物。精神病学2007年5月61日:1211-4
PMID 17210142
标题 MLC1多态性与周期性的Catatonia(慢性精神分裂症亚组)特别相关。
抽象的 MLC1,位于染色体22q13.33上,已被建议作为风险基因schizophrenia, especially the periodic catatonia subtype. An initially identified missense mutation was found to be extremely rare in other patient cohorts; however, a recent report again argued for an association of two intronicMLC1单核苷酸多态性(SNP)schizophrenia和躁郁症。
对这些多态性以及在转录控制区域的SNP的病例对照研究MLC1在212慢性中进行schizophrenic患者,其中56例患有周期性的卡塔尼氏症,106名双极患者和284例对照。
内含子和启动子多态性均与周期性的catatonia特别相关,但无关schizophrenia或一般躁郁症。由所有多态性构成的单倍型也与周期性catatonia有关。
MLC1变异与周期性紧张症联系在一起;whether it constitutes a susceptibility or a modifier gene has to be determined.
SCZ关键字 精神分裂症,精神分裂症
16 生物。精神病学2007年5月61日:1211-4
PMID 17210142
标题 MLC1多态性与周期性的Catatonia(慢性精神分裂症亚组)特别相关。
抽象的 MLC1,位于染色体22q13.33上,已被建议作为风险基因schizophrenia, especially the periodic catatonia subtype. An initially identified missense mutation was found to be extremely rare in other patient cohorts; however, a recent report again argued for an association of two intronicMLC1单核苷酸多态性(SNP)schizophrenia和躁郁症。
对这些多态性以及在转录控制区域的SNP的病例对照研究MLC1在212慢性中进行schizophrenic患者,其中56例患有周期性的卡塔尼氏症,106名双极患者和284例对照。
内含子和启动子多态性均与周期性的catatonia特别相关,但无关schizophrenia或一般躁郁症。由所有多态性构成的单倍型也与周期性catatonia有关。
MLC1变异与周期性紧张症联系在一起;whether it constitutes a susceptibility or a modifier gene has to be determined.
SCZ关键字 精神分裂症,精神分裂症
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